Overview of ocular plastic surgeryromam blinds

Overview of the eyes are the visual organs of the eye, is also an important expression of organs. People in their daily life and social interaction, you can transfer emotional information anytime, anywhere with your eyes; through the eyes, can show a person’s inner beauty and outer beauty. Eye beauty changes at the single eyelid plastic surgery double eyelid, the double eyelid, there are upper and lower eyelid plastic surgery aging (the aging lower eyelid plastic surgery, also known as eyelid surgery with removal), epicanthus surgery, ptosis correction surgery, and eyelid defects, eyelid tumors, eyelid sag, eyelid scarring, congenital blepharophimosis, eyebrow dislocation, lack of eyebrows and eyelashes, and other corrective surgery. 3 ~ 5mm on the eyelid at the outer section of the domestic debt often useful significant fold (commonly known as double-fold), which upper eyelid sulcus. upper eyelid and lower eyelid at the junction of the inner canthus, outer canthus. outer canthus acute angle shape, slightly higher Fu inner canthus tears. tears down one each eyelid, the canaliculus of the entrance. eyelid tissue is divided into before and after the two leaves. anterior lobe of skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle composition, the posterior lobe of the tarsal plate and conjunctiva; two leaves in the eyelid at the junction of the gray line, gray front line has eyelashes, thin skin folds easily into the subcutaneous tissue loose and no fat, muscle is mainly composed of orbicularis muscle and levator muscles. orbicularis muscle and orbital margin most of the line level walking. on The eyelid levator in the upper eyelid tarsal orbicularis muscle and between, attached to the orbicularis muscle fibers and the superficial surface of the tarsal plate. eyes face forward, upper eyelid covering the cornea of ​​about 2mm. levator muscle paralysis, can cause ptosis. in front of the upper eyelid in the eye, shaped like drapes. its anatomical structure, there by the table to the skin, subcutaneous tissue, orbicularis muscle, muscle of fat, orbital septum, orbital fat, levator tendon film, Miller muscle (Muller muscle), romam blinds , the tarsal and conjunctival. These structures, in addition to Miller, muscle and, in the double eyelid surgery (incision method) is evident in both the surgery. Miller is a smaller muscle The involuntary muscles, which close to the levator muscle aponeurosis in the deep surface, and ends in front of the upper edge of the tarsal plate, it also called on the tarsal muscle. The excitement in the human muscle can help the eyelid levator muscle board also move up, so that a larger than usual blepharophimosis. by the sympathetic innervation. tarsus ago orbicularis muscle on the inside, into the depth of two. tarsal joint front with the formation of the medial canthal ligament, as tears before the crest; deep in the lacrimal sac behind the head, as tears after the crest, called the Horner muscle tears. tarsus before the eyes from the orbicularis muscle fibers from the medial canthal ligament and lacrimal crest and the front of the periosteum before, beyond the outer canthal ligament along the tarsal plate. This muscle is involuntary muscle, Secretary of blink and move with eyes closed during sleep. blink of an eye by orbicularis muscle, it tears its important role in starting the pump, pressure will be tears into the nasal lacrimal duct. orbital orbicularis muscle prior to the outer edge, light head from the inner canthal ligament, deep head from the lacrimal sac diaphragm, beyond the level of sewing the lateral eyelid. orbital orbicularis muscle at the surface of orbital margin, starting from the inner canthal ligament, around the palpebral fissure after the end of The medial canthal ligament. As for the temporal part of the fiber and the skin of the cheek and the amount of muscle. This muscle is voluntary muscle contraction so that when squeezed closed palpebral fissure. levator muscle is extremely thin striated muscle, from tendon at the orbital apex ring on top of the total, down in the orbital roof and between the rectus muscle, the end of the formation of a broad aponeurosis, attached to the tarsal plate in front, to the inside and outside for the fan out, part of the orbicularis muscle fibers through the skin into contact with the upper eyelid, eyes open, generated when the upper eyelid fold, In the muscle belly and aponeurosis at the junction of the formation of moderate ligament (Whitnall ligament), the Secretary of the levator muscle function, dominated by the oculomotor nerve. levator muscle aponeurosis or tarsus before the fat tissue: Department located in the tarsal plate in front of a thin layer of loose connective tissue. eyelids and the thickness of layer was related to the organization. Asians muscle in the orbital septum behind the front wheel turns, the first levator muscle aponeurosis above the orbital septum is full of fat filled organization, the orbital septum from the upper and lower tarsus, respectively, in the upper eyelid levator muscle aponeurosis it mixed beyond the orbital margin. limited to the inferior orbital rim in the lower eyelid. is the eyelid and the orbital compartment fascia barrier, contains fat and blood vessels, nerve. orbital fat in living space 5, the upper eyelid for 2, lower eyelid to 3, separated between the extraocular muscles. With age, the orbital septum and the surface of the fascia tissue gradually orbicular muscle relaxation, the ball will be from the orbital fat herniation, the formation of bags under the eyes. Tarsus: for the cartilage-like long thin dense connective tissue. eyelid thickness of 1mm, width 8 ~ 10mm; under the tarsus thin and narrow, width 5mm. within a lateral canthal ligament is connected with internal and external, respectively, with internal and external canthal ligament play a stabilizing role in the eyelids together. sebaceous glands within the tarsal plate, the opening in the eyelid. eye rich blood supply, mainly by eyelid blood vessel network and the orbital artery facial artery composition. has deep 4 aortic arch, the upper and lower eyelid entropion peripheral arterial arch and aortic arch. palpebral arterial arch in the upper and lower eyelid 3mm Department, tarsus and orbicularis muscle between the veins associated with the line. peripheral arterial arch of upper eyelid levator muscle aponeurosis and Muller muscle between the lines to go along Jianshang edge. thick single eyelid skin, subcutaneous tissue, more, more developed orbicularis muscle after more fat, thin, and tarsus relatively small, the levator aponeurosis to the tarsal plate of fibers only found in front of the upper edge and there is no distribution to the pre-tarsal orbicularis muscle and skin. tendon single eyelid to mention this film to make it in the Lift the tarsal plate, the tarsus and the skin before the orbicularis muscle fibers can not follow the tarsal plate with a raise; results, inspection of the skin not only on the edge of the tarsal plate is not equivalent to the upper eyelid folds appear, and eyelid out sagging skin and more serious. the situation with single eyelid reconstruction contrast, the thinner the skin, subcutaneous tissue, little, less developed orbicularis muscle, muscle fat little after, sometimes only a thin layer of loose connective tissue, compared with the orbital septum thin, orbital fat little thicker and more sebaceous hypertrophy, well-developed levator muscle aponeurosis, in addition to fiber distribution to the upper edge of the tarsal plate and the front outside, there are fibers in the tarsal plate and orbicularis muscle before skin . eyelid tendon mention this film, it brought up in the tarsal plate, the tarsus and the skin before the orbicularis muscle and tarsal plate with fiber and can be put on; the results of inspection on the skin at the equivalent of tarsal that there is a margin between the upper eyelid folds appear; In addition, the eyelid skin does not sag at. orbicularis Muscle up with the amount of muscle, frown muscle fibers intermingled with the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve in temporal bone zygomatic process of about 1.8cm at the rear, over the zygomatic arch, slightly higher than at the outer canthus and supraorbital margin level walk up the line, the dominant touched upon orbicularis muscle, the zygomatic across the zygomatic branch of the lower eyelid orbicularis muscle. supraorbital the inside edge of the supraorbital foramen and the amount of holes, including supraorbital blood vessels, nerves and block the blood vessels, nerves through; the superior orbital wall and the outer wall junction to the superior orbital fissure, with the first Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅵ brain and the ophthalmic vein through; wall and inferior wall at the junction of the inferior orbital fissure, with the infraorbital nerve, infraorbital artery, vein by now. eyes, the body’s most important and most sophisticated, the most complete sense organs, the main visual feature is an extension of the brain, usually to obtain information from outside the human approximately 90% of eyes. vision in the human understanding of the objective world, accounting for an extremely important position, so eyes ; brain skylight, , sadness and joy, and other activities and emotional heart, it is also known as the starting from the eyes. Eyes the U.S. has two meanings: First, the beauty of the eye morphology; the second is Qingying, bright, white of the eye part of the nebula without support, pupil black and piercing, can follow the light, mood changes, with a vivid sense of. inner canthal distance, great aesthetic significance of nasal orbit fossa: inner canthal distance line distance between two inner canthal angle, with an average width of 30-32mm, and the palpebral fissure, nasal width between approximately equal. naso-orbital fossa, also known as the inner canthus nest, for the eye canthus with the depression formed between the root bridge of the nose, left and right one. This I help the bridge of the nose of the curve of the Ministry of Coordination with undulating beauty, also known as the Ping This nest was more low-lying or not, and the Ministry of the inner canthus to form more than a superfluous skin. upper eyelid skin surface field has two transverse curved grooves. above who said orbital ditch eyelid, eyes closed, or not significant when the shallow, open eyes darken when obviously. yellow lighter, white deep obviously, this European and American white socket deep, nasal and orbital bone height. from the eyelid below the grooves 5 ~ 6mm, said the upper eyelid sulcus, with the ditch the performance of the double eyelid upper eyelid shape, no such communication forms are expressed as a single eyelid. whether under the form of upper eyelid folds and folds can be divided into morphological characteristics shoulder type, double eyelid type, the cream-based and multi-type four-fold class, single eyelid but also the degree of stress under the upper eyelid skin and subcutaneous fat, type the number into positive forces, unable to type (loose skin type) and ultra-power-type (commonly called swollen upper eyelid.) has the double eyelid is generally believed that the shape of the upper eyelid people look beautiful and moving, face looked bright and beautiful. levator muscle of upper eyelid due to flexibility so up and down movement, its activities by about 10mm or so. normal level as the eyes open in the cornea of ​​the palpebral margin of just 2mm Department. eyes closed, the upper eyelid to cover all exposed parts of palpebral fissure. corneas Covert in the upper eyelid, the non-exposed. If how levator muscle dysfunction caused by ptosis of the eye form the United States. lower eyelid small changes in shape and range of activities, the skin surface of the lower eyelid sulcus, lower eyelid zygomatic ditch, ditch zygomatic nasal lower eyelid. normal level as the eyes open, the lower eyelid is located just under the edge at the lower edge of the cornea; eyes closed only slightly lower eyelid up. If the Department under the eyelid orbicularis muscle hypertrophy hyperplasia is the formation of br> blepharophimosis and aesthetic significance of 1) palpebral fissure height: palpebral fissure height in front of the eye level as when the distance between the upper and lower eyelid, with an average 7 ~ 12mm. generally divided into three types: ① were thin Type: The blepharophimosis more common in Asia were thin yellow; ② Medium Type: common in Caucasians in Europe; ③ High Wide: the characteristics of black people. 2) palpebral fissure width: refers to the palpebral fissure between the level of internal and external canthus distance, an average of 25 ~ 33mm, the width and breadth ratio consistent with : ① Horizontal: internal and external canthal angle on the same level; ② extrovert: inner canthal angle than outer canthal angle (also known outside the high-low type); ③ Introvert: inner canthal angle arrived at the outer canthal angle (also said outside the high type of low). blepharophimosis canthal tilt slightly outside the inner canthal 2 ~ 3mm, external canthal angle between the horizontal connections around 10 for the United States. This form of outer canthal angle slightly upturned, was ; Dan Fengyan higher than the inner canthal angle, which many Mongolians have epicanthus related. According to statistics, among the many people to the level of blepharophimosis, accounting for 82.06%, accounting for 13.23% followed by introversion, extraversion at least, only 4.71%. entropion crack height, width, inclination of the eye-and face a direct impact on the United States. palpebral fissure height, width of the eye and the cornea exposed level. normal cornea in the palpebral fissure area can be seen (and within the iris and pupil), inside and outside the triangular scleral cornea, conjunctiva and lacrimal caruncle half folds. palpebral fissure width at eye exposure were more significantly large, and vice versa was small; cornea showing rate of about 50% to 80%. generally medium-palpebral fissure, palpebral fissure width consistent with the wide ratio of birth to the upper and lower eyelid lashes, arranged in 2 to 3 lines. like in a row defender, arranged in blepharophimosis edge, collaborative eyelid on the cornea, the eye has a protective effect, it is known as the more than upper eyelid eyelashes and long, usually about 100 to 150, the average length of 8 ~ 12mm, slightly bent forward at the top growth, eyes open when the angle of inclination of 101. ~ 130., eyes closed as the 140. 160 .. upper eyelid eyelashes longer, thicker, darker color, shorter and less under the lashes between about 50 to 80, roller blinds , the length is about 6 ~ 8mm bent slightly forward and down. eyes open when when the head-up tilt to 90. 120 .. a long eyelashes on the central part of the lower eyelid, inner canthus shorter. 2) Dan Fengyan: angle greater than the outer canthus canthal angle, slightly above the inner canthus of foreign capital, within the narrow palpebral fissure was outside the wide and slender, curved to start. black eyes and the whites of the eyes revealed moderate, full of exoticism thin eyelid skin, delicate and pretty cute shape. both men and women are shaped eyes of the United States One of the criteria. 13) Popeye: palpebral fissure is too wide, large eyes, highlight to the front, black eyes wide exposure range and more exposure to whites, if whites were exposed to black around the eyes commonly known as is short palpebral fissure height and width, but their proportion is still moderate. palpebral margin was small round curved, eyes Shaodun, black eyes, the whites showing less eye was small. the eye type was small round shape, affect the overall coordination of face , gives a clever, persistent impression, but the lack of high spirits and charm. is generally believed that the eyes of the United States should be able to express mental activity and emotional changes. large, bright eyes, eyes long eyes, clear eyes , is the United States; small eyes, swollen eyes, drooping eyes, it is not beautiful. eye shape vary widely, but the size of the eye is basically the same. the decision is an important factor in eye shape and lower eyelid degree of eyelid opening and closing, both inside and outside corner of the eye shape, eyebrows number, strength, and lashes the length and shape. eye and face a certain percentage. three stops five: the human chain the length is divided into three equal parts, the area from the forehead hairline to the midpoint between the eyebrows, in the mid-point between the eyebrows to the nose area from the bottom, the next area from the nose to the bottom of the marginal mandibular, the height of the three areas should be equal; face the width of the level in the eye, etc. distance is divided into five eyes, the eyes of the width (about one each), and outer canthal distance between the eye to the ear width (about one each). eyebrows, in the eyes the top of the cross at the junction of the upper eyelid to the forehead, is the appearance of one of the important structures. in the human face, in addition to Smart’s eyes, the most vivid, the performance of the human heart and character of the eyebrows for a number of . bilateral symmetry, shading affordable, moderate thickness of eyebrows, on coordination, balance the relationship between face a structure, display emotional personality, contrast the United States all have an important role in appearance and meaning, it is of a premises the graceful lines of the eyebrows as eyes for the stare is like lining in the peony leaves, set off bright eyes more charming. aesthetic eyebrow eyebrow observation and classification of the upper edge lying in the eyes brow ridge, referred between the upper eyelid and forehead, slightly uplifted and full of three-dimensional nature. wife, within the upper corner of orbit, slightly curved along the supraorbital margin Xiangwai, the surface of Health has said hard Shorthair eyebrows, around each one, each symmetry. eyebrows is the beautiful appearance of the main symbol form, the inner end of said brow, almost straight line; slightly smaller outer end of said brow; brow to brow between the body and tip of brow (brow waist), slightly curved shape, arc qualified to the highest point of the line Mei Feng. eyebrows of the location, shape, length, eyebrow color should be symmetrical with each other and coordinated with each part face. If the ; and brow distance approximately equal to a palpebral fissure length. eyebrows were growing and order: Short-haired eyebrow comb hard, its natural growth pattern is a root of short hair, at the upper, middle and lower layer made of woven overlap. brow part of the wider, eyebrows oblique Xiangwai above; brow part of the consistent growth under oblique Xiangwai; eyebrow eyebrows back part of the dense and large, obliquely above the eyebrows down, leaning back in the column eyebrows, following the growth of eyebrows upward. As growing above the eyebrows and arrangement, is the emphasis on the brow brow color of the Ministry, while the waist part of the most eyebrow, the upper and lower lighter. eyebrows in the dense, round the inside of the outer sparse. eyebrows within the 1 / 3 of the growth direction was generally horizontal eye 70. ~ 80. angle, while the outside is was 10. ~ 30. angle, or even parallel growth. eyebrows density, color: beauty, density, length, thickness, color and race, gender, age and other kinds of factors. Its density is 50 ~ 130 / cm2, the eyebrows are three levels of density: ① rare: not fully cover the skin and eyebrows. ② Medium: eyebrows almost completely cover the skin, but no hair between the eyebrows; ③ dense: eyebrows completely cover the skin, hairy eyebrows, and even into one. usually between the two eyebrows is smooth and without hair, eyebrows and hairy if linking the two eyebrows, eyebrow, said that such Generally, children’s eyebrows short, thin and dense, adult eyebrows were longer and more dense while the color black; men wide and dense eyebrows, female eyebrows are narrow and curved. eyebrow color black, the eyebrows can be increased in elderly white males, commonly known as eight kinds: eyelashes arranged in a half arc, the eye lashes can show contours of eyes to add charm. on more thick and long eyelashes, about 100 to 150, the angle of inclination of 110. ~ 130., length 8 ~ 12mm. under the lashes more thin and short, 50 to 75, length 5 ~ 8mm. the eyelashes eyelashes often than the next and dense, there is the role of blocking the rain and dust, to shiny black, slightly upturned by the United States. Therefore, it is often used coated mascara, stick false eyelashes, eyelashes volume, viscosity methods such as landscaping on the double-eyelid lashes. The following short eyelashes The sparse, to the next bend. sometimes lash line or lines by means of eye liner to make up for lack of eyelashes Shudan to better display the outline of the eye. blepharophimosis short: My character artist for a good or a normal person’s face, since ancient times that the hairline to the eyebrows, the glabella to the nasal floor and nasal floor to the chin protrusion from the lower edge of the three parts of the reciprocal cross. to the inner canthus, from the side of the inner canthus to the contralateral medial canthus, from the contralateral inner canthus to outer canthus and outer canthus to the ear from the vertical part of each of the five and so on. a need for double eyelid surgery by a single eyelid who are mostly short and less than the blepharophimosis this ratio, it is not in harmony with the entire face. double eyelid clinical features: an important clinical features of double eyelid is that it has an upper eyelid fold, while there are 5 different or opposite the single eyelid characteristics: ① the upper eyelid was thin and delicate; ② upper eyelid skin does not sag, all visible eyelid; ③ wider eye fissure length; ④ eyelashes longer and more dense, head-on when turned slightly; ⑤ into the cusp-shaped inner canthus, with no canthal folds. embedding basic principle is to use nylon thread to the upper eyelid folds at the upper edge of the dermis and the tarsal plate or give ligation of the upper eyelid muscle aponeurosis fixed, resulting in adhesion, to replace the levator muscle aponeurosis fibers attached to the role of upper eyelid skin, creating a double eyelid. mainly applied to eyelids thin, loose skin, and the younger, single eyelid persons. The advantage is simple, easy to grasp, no significant postoperative swelling, no signs of surgery, patients can immediately return to work, and even if the result is not satisfactory, you can re-cut law remedies. drawback is that to adapt to a narrow After a more detached, double eyelid may disappear. apply to all types of single eyelid, and can correct the upper eyelid skin wrinkles and swollen upper eyelid , the double eyelid surgery to form a solid, easy to disappear. have surgery early postoperative scar, six months after the waning.

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